(Shimomura, who has since left the Yamaguchi-gumi, asked to be referred to only by his surname.) When Shimomura showed up, he found three other gangsters, none of whom he knew. The superior assured him that the scheme was low risk, and instructed him to attend a meeting that evening at a bar in Nagoya. But he was a minor figure in the organization: a collector of debts, a performer of odd jobs. Thirty-two years old and skinny, with expressive eyes, he took pride in his appearance, often wearing a suit and mirror-shined loafers. It was May 14, 2016, and Shimomura was living in the city of Nagoya.
When one of his superiors asked him if he wanted to make a pile of fast money, he naturally said yes.
This lineup remained constant until the Cold War ended with the dismantling of all the Communist governments in Eastern Europe in 19.Shimomura was a member of the Yamaguchi-gumi, the largest yakuza crime family in Japan. Joining the USSR in the alliance were Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, the German Democratic Republic (East Germany), Hungary, Poland and Romania. West Germany formally joined NATO on May 5, 1955, and the Warsaw Pact was signed less than two weeks later, on May 14. The Soviets warned that such a provocative action would force them to make new security arrangements in their own sphere of influence, and they were true to their word. and a number of other NATO members began to advocate making West Germany part of the alliance and allowing it to form an army under tight restrictions. In the aftermath of World War I and World War II, Soviet leaders felt very apprehensive about Germany once again becoming a military power–a concern that was shared by many European nations on both sides of the Cold War divide. It was more directly inspired by the rearming of West Germany and its admission into NATO in 1955. The formation of the Warsaw Pact was in some ways a response to the creation of NATO, although it did not occur until six years after the Western alliance came into being. Unhappy with its role in the organization, France opted to withdraw from military participation in NATO in 1966 and did not return until 1995. Greece and Turkey were admitted in 1952, the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) in 1955 and Spain in 1982. NATO formed the backbone of the West’s military bulwark against the USSR and its allies for the next 40 years, with its membership growing larger over the course of the Cold War era.
The original membership of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) consisted of Belgium, Britain, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal and the United States. leaders introduced the Marshall Plan, a diplomatic initiative that provided aid to friendly nations to help them rebuild their war-damaged infrastructures and economies. and its Western allies sought ways to prevent further expansion of Communist influence on the European continent. The USSR oversaw the installation of pro-Soviet governments in many of the areas it had taken from the Nazis during the war. A Divided EuropeĬonflict between the Western nations (including the United States, Great Britain, France and other countries) and the Communist Eastern bloc (led by the Union of Soviet Socialists Republics or USSR) began almost as soon as the guns fell silent at the end of World War II (1939-45). This alignment provided the framework for the military standoff that continued throughout the Cold War (1945-91). The alignment of nearly every European nation into one of the two opposing camps formalized the political division of the European continent that had taken place since World War II (1939-45). The Soviet Union and its affiliated Communist nations in Eastern Europe founded a rival alliance, the Warsaw Pact, in 1955. In 1949, the prospect of further Communist expansion prompted the United States and 11 other Western nations to form the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).
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